What does the term "arc length" refer to in welding?

The term "arc length" specifically refers to the distance between the electrode tip and the workpiece in the welding process. It is a critical factor that can significantly influence the quality of the weld. A correctly maintained arc length ensures that the arc energy is appropriately transferred to the workpiece, facilitating proper fusion and penetration.

An appropriate arc length allows for optimal heat transfer, which is necessary for melting the base materials adequately to create a strong bond. If the arc length is too short, it can lead to a snappy arc that may result in poor weld characteristics or burn-through. Conversely, if the arc length is too long, it may produce excessive spatter and result in a lack of penetration, weakening the weld joint. Therefore, maintaining the correct arc length is essential for achieving a quality weld.