What is the main responsibility of voltage in a welding context?

In the context of welding, the primary responsibility of voltage is related to arc stability. Voltage is crucial as it establishes the electric potential difference between the welding electrode and the workpiece. This electric potential is what enables the creation and maintenance of the welding arc, which is essential for generating the heat necessary for melting the base material and the filler material.

When the voltage is at the appropriate level, it helps ensure that the arc remains stable, meaning that it can maintain a consistent and controlled path between the electrode and the base material without excessive flickering or disruption. A stable arc is vital for achieving a uniform weld bead and proper penetration into the materials. While factors like puddle fluidity, electrode heat, and material fusion are important aspects of the welding process, they are largely dependent on the stability of the arc created by maintaining the correct voltage.