What type of current is typically used in Stick welding?

In Stick welding, also known as Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) can be utilized, which is why the answer encompasses both options.

The use of alternating current is common for certain types of electrode materials and applications, especially when working with thicker metals or in outdoor conditions where wind and other environmental factors can impact the welding process. AC allows for a cleaner weld as it can help remove contaminants from the weld area due to the alternating polarities.

Direct current is preferred in various scenarios, particularly when a more stable arc and greater control are required. It tends to provide a smoother and more stable arc, which can be particularly advantageous when working with thinner materials or in positions where precision is important.

Understanding the choice between these currents is crucial because different metals, thicknesses, and positions may dictate which current will yield the best results in terms of penetration, bead shape, and overall weld quality. The ability to use both types of current makes Stick welding a versatile process suitable for various applications.